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New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan (VRP Site No. 53161007) City of Albuquerque RailYards Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico

Prepared for: City of Albuquerque Environmental HealthDepartment One Civic Plaza, 3rd Floor Albuquerque, New Mexico87103

Prepared by:

INTERA Incorporated 6000 Uptown Blvd, NE, Suite 220 Albuquerque,NM 87110

June 28, 2019

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page i Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................i LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................ii LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................................................ii LIST OF APPENDICES..............................................................................................................ii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS....................................................................................iii 1.0INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................1 2.0 SITE BACKGROUND.....................................................................................................3

2.1 Location and General Description..........................................................................3 2.2 Site Physical Setting...............................................................................................3 2.3 Site Geology and Stratigraphy................................................................................4 2.4 Site Hydrology........................................................................................................4 2.5 Previous Investigations...........................................................................................5 Contaminants of Potential Concern(COPCs).....................................................................7

3.0 PROPOSED PERFORMANCE STANDARD............................................................... 93.1 Method 2 Assessment for Soils..............................................................................9 3.2 Method 2 Assessment for Soil Vapor...................................................................10 3.3 Method 2 Assessment for Groundwater...............................................................11

4.0 INTERIM REMEDIATION/PROTECTION MEASURES....................................... 12 4.1 Storehouse.............................................................................................................12 4.2 Blacksmith Shop...................................................................................................13 4.3 Flu Shop................................................................................................................16 4.4 Other Interim Uses................................................................................................16

5.0 PROPOSED SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES....................................... 17 5.1 SoilCharacterization During Construction........................................................... 17 5.2Groundwater Investigation and Annual Groundwater Monitoring....................... 18 5.3 Subsurface Soil Gas Characterization...................................................................22 5.4 ACBM and LBP Survey of Site Buildings and Structures Priorto Construction 24

6.0 PROPOSED REMEDIATION ACTIVITIES.............................................................. 257.0 DISCUSSION OF HOW PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WILL MEET THE VRP

PERFORMANCE STANDARD....................................................................................27 7.1 VRP Performance Standard Objective 1............................................................... 277.2 VRP Performance Standard Objective 2............................................................... 277.3 VRP Performance Standard Objective 3............................................................... 287.4 VRP Performance Standard Objective 4...............................................................28

8.0 REFERENCES................................................................................................................30

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page ii Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Characterization and Investigation Activities.......................................................................6 Table 2. Excavation Activities............................................................................................................7

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Site Location Figure 2. Site Plan Figure 3. COA SoilRemoval Areas – May 2019 Figure 4. Proposed Monitoring WellLocations Figure 5. Asbestos/Lead-Based Paint/Building DemolitionPlan Figure 6. Soil Vapor Sampling Locations, COA Rail YardsNorth

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A. Field Screening Standard Operating ProcedureAppendix B. Vapor Pin™ Installation Standard Operating ProcedureAppendix C. Impacted Soil Contingency Plan

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page iii Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACBM asbestos-containing building materials ADA AmericanDisabilities Act amsl above mean sea level ASTM American Societyfor Testing and Materials International ATSF Atchison, Topeka andSanta Fe Railway bgs below ground surface BNSF Burlington NorthernSanta Fe Railway BTEX benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and totalxylenes CIH Certified Industrial Hygienist CCOC ConditionalCertificate of Completion CNS Covenant Not to Sue COA City ofAlbuquerque COC Certificate of Completion COPC contaminant ofpotential concern CWE Central Works Equipment DBS&A Daniel B.Stephens and Associates DOT Department of Transportation DRO dieselrange organic EDB ethylene dibromide/1,2-dibromoethane EPAEnvironmental Protection Agency ft feet or foot ft/ft foot per footHSA hollow-stem auger INTERA INTERA Incorporated LBP lead-basedpaint LNAPL light non-aqueous phase liquid MCL maximum contaminantlevels mL milliliter MNA monitored natural attenuation MRO motoroil range organic NAD 83 North American Datum of 1983 NAVD 88 NorthAmerican Vertical Datum of 1988 NMAC New Mexico Administrative CodeNMED New Mexico Environment Department

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page iv Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

NM-GS New Mexico Ground Water Standard NMWQCC New Mexico WaterQuality Control Commission PAH polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon PCSpetroleum-contaminated soil PID photoionization detector PN PublicNotice ppm part per million ppmv parts per million volume PVCpolyvinyl chloride RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RSLregional screening level S&A sampling and analysis SiteAlbuquerque Rail Yards, Albuquerque, New Mexico SOP standardoperating procedure SSHASP Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan SSLsoil screening level SWB Solid Waste Bureau TCE trichloroethene TPHtotal petroleum hydrocarbon UST underground storage tank VISL vaporintrusion screening level VOC volatile organic compound VRAVoluntary Remediation Agreement VRP Voluntary Remediation ProgramXRF x-Ray Fluorescence

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 1 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

1.0 INTRODUCTION This Voluntary Remediation Final Work Plandeveloped by INTERA Incorporated (INTERA) presents the results ofenvironmental investigation activities completed to date andproposes additional voluntary investigation/remediation actions forthe City of Albuquerque (COA) Rail Yards (Site) (VRP Site No.53161007) in support of Site redevelopment. The COA purchased theSite in 2007 from the Old Locomotive Shops, LLC through RenaissanceDevelopment Company, Inc.

Situated between 2nd Street and Commercial Street in downtownAlbuquerque, New Mexico, the Site consists of approximately 27acres located within the former Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe(ATSF)/Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) Central Works Equipment(CWE) Facility Railyard that operated from the 1880s to the early1990s. As a result of previous operations, the Site sustainedenvironmental impacts from both petroleum hydrocarbon and metalscontamination. Contamination is present in both the Site vadosezone (Site soils and soil vapor) and in the saturated zone (Sitegroundwater) and includes metals adsorbed to soil particles,organic vapors, and organic and inorganic solutes dissolved ingroundwater. In addition, both asbestos-containing buildingmaterials (ACBM) and lead-based paint (LBP) were used in many ofthe remaining Site buildings; contamination related to thesebuilding materials will also need to be mitigated during anybuilding demolition or building renovation activity.

To best address contamination concerns and help facilitateredevelopment, the COA is seeking to complete Site redevelopment byinclusion in the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) VoluntaryRemediation Program (VRP). By actively participating in the NMEDVRP (and upon successful completion of all additional Siteinvestigation/remediation actions), the COA will be able to obtaina Conditional Certificate of Completion (CCOC) and/or Certificateof Completion (COC) for either the entire Site or specific areas ofthe Site. The CCOC/COC will document that current conditions in adesignated area(s) and/or throughout the Site meet applicableenvironmental quality standards and will provide liabilityprotection for lenders. In addition, once a CCOC or COC is issued,a Covenant Not to Sue (CNS) may be transferred to a selectedprospective purchaser and/or future developer or lessor(s) of theSite.

The Site was previously enrolled in the NMED VRP (VRP Site No.53061001); however, at the time, the Site was not under COAownership and not all remediation work was completed. As such, NMEDhas requested a new VRP Application for the Site to be initiatedunder COA ownership. This VRP Final Work Plan represents onerequired component of the Voluntary Remediation Agreement (VRA)between NMED and the COA dated June 5, 2019 and intends to (1)present information to demonstrate the Site continues to meetcriteria necessary to participate in the VRP, (2) proposeactivities to address all remaining environmental concernsidentified for the Site such that interested parties may receiveall appropriate documentation necessary to complete redevelopmentwith limited liability, and (3) request NMED VRP support inissuance of

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 2 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

a CCOC and/or COC to address contamination concerns in adesignated area(s) and/or throughout the Site prior to theinitiation of proposed redevelopment activities.

NMED VRP issued Conditional Eligibility for the COA Rail Yards(VRP Site No. 53161007) on March 5, 2019. Per NMED VRPrequirements, the COA issued Public Notice (PN) for the Site onMarch 29, 2019. NMED VRP issued the final VRP and Final Eligibilityon May 25, 2019.

During the public comment period, the COA initiated soil removalactivities in the sand blasting and battery storage areas of theCOA Rail Yards North. The COA will document the soil removalactivities in a VRP Status Report that will be submitted to NMED assoon as all soil removal activities are determined to be completedand all laboratory data is available.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 3 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

2.0 SITE BACKGROUND This section briefly summarizes the Sitelocation and general characteristics, the Site physical setting,the Site geology and stratigraphy, the Site hydrology, previousSite environmental investigations, and suspected/known Sitecontaminants of potential concern (COPCs).

2.1 Location and General Description The Site, also referred toas the Albuquerque Locomotive Shops and the former ATSF/BNSF CWEfacility, is located approximately 1 mile south of the center ofdowntown Albuquerque in Bernalillo County, New Mexico (Figure1).

The legal description is as follows:

The “Albuquerque Old Locomotive Shop” (former A.T. & S.F.Railway Company Machine Shop) is a 27.32-acre tract, more or less,out of the Tract A of the Plat of Tract “A”, A.T. & S.F.Railway Company Machine Shop, 27.321-acre tract located at 2nd andBridge in Albuquerque in Bernalillo County, New Mexico….

Tract “A” of the Plat of Tract A, A.T. & S.F. RAILWAYCOMPANY MACHINE SHOP, Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico,as the same is shown and designated on the Plat filed in the officeof the County Clerk of Bernalillo County, New Mexico on January 25,1996 as Document Number 1996008744, recorded in Vol. 96C, folio 44,records of Bernalillo County, New Mexico.

The Site operated as a railroad CWE facility from the 1880s tothe early 1990s. Activities conducted at the facility includedservicing locomotives (blacksmithing, welding, and painting) withinthe Machine Shop, Boiler Shop, Roundhouse, and other areas; andgeneral servicing and maintenance activities of the facility. TheSite also was a central location for the ATSF/BNSF to performrequired servicing activities in support of other smaller railyardslocated nearby. The various types of chemicals used and stored atthe Site included: solvents and lye used for parts cleaning; paint;heavy oils, diesel fuel, and other lubricants; and packagedherbicides (INTERA, 2015). In the 1960s, the roundhouse was closedand subsequently demolished. In 1991, all underground storage tanks(USTs) were removed, and the Site was vacated of furtherindustrial/commercial use. Since that time, the Site has largelybeen unused, except by the film industry. The COA purchased theSite in 2007 and renovated the Blacksmith Shop and Storehousebuildings as interim use/multi-purpose structures in 2013.

2.2 Site Physical Setting The Site is located at an elevation ofapproximately 5,000 feet (ft) above mean sea level (amsl). The Siteis primarily topographically level, with a slight drop in elevationtoward the south.

Today, numerous small and large structures formerly used tosupport various railroad maintenance activities are still scatteredacross the Site. The Site is bounded to the west by residentialproperty

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 4 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

and to the north and south by commercial/industrial property(INTERA, 2015). Residential properties are located to the east ofthe Site beyond the adjoining railroad tracks. Between 1996 and2000, a total of eleven (11) permanent groundwater monitoring wellswere installed at the Site.

No surface water exists at the Site. The nearest surface waterbody is the Rio Grande, located approximately 1,500 ft to thewest.

2.3 Site Geology and Stratigraphy The Site is located in thesouth-central portion of the Albuquerque Basin. This basin is oneof the largest of the south-trending series of grabens that formthe Rio Grande Drainage Basin, which was formed in response to theRio Grande Rift (Thorn et al., 1993). The Rio Grande Rift is anorth- to south-trending, downdropped area extending for more than600 miles. The rift is an area of crustal extension originating incentral Colorado and extending south through New Mexico to south ofthe Mexico-Texas border.

The Albuquerque Basin is filled with up to 10,000 ft of clasticsediments. The Santa Fe Formation sediments fill the majority ofthe basin. The Tertiary and Quaternary Santa Fe Formation iscomposed of unconsolidated to loosely consolidated gravels, sands,silts, and clays. The thickness of this unit ranges from 2,400 fton the basin margins to 14,000 ft along the axis of the basin. Inthe vicinity of the Site, the thickness of this formation is on theorder of 4,700 ft. The Santa Fe Group is overlain by Quaternarysediments, which have a similar facies distribution. Thesepost-Santa Fe deposits are alluvial fan and floodplain depositsthat are up to 200 ft thick (Thorn et al., 1993).

At the Site, surface and near-surface soils consist of sandyfill and debris and contain classic fining upward sequences typicalof a fluvial depositional environment (INTERA, 2012; Innovar,2011). Fine-grained sediments (sediments containing silts and clay)predominate in the shallow subsurface up to 10 to 15 ft belowground surface (bgs). Below these sediments, coarser-grained unitsconsisting of fine- to coarse-grained sand extend to depths of atleast 47 ft bgs. The contact between the fine and coarse units isgradational.

2.4 Site Hydrology The Santa Fe Group and post-Santa Fe depositsare the principal water-bearing units in the vicinity of the Siteand are hydraulically connected (United States Army Corps ofEngineers, 1979; Thorn et al., 1993). However, the AlbuquerqueBasin aquifer is anisotropic laterally and vertically due tospatial variations in the lithology of these two water-bearingunits (Chamberlin et al., 1992). Clay layers 12 to 15 ft thick arecommonly observed in the alluvium of the Albuquerque Basin; theseclay layers restrict vertical movement of water and may locallylimit hydraulic interconnection between the shallow Quaternaryaquifer and the Santa Fe Group aquifer (Thorn et al., 1993). As aresult of spatial variations in lithology, the hydraulictransmissivity of the

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 5 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

Albuquerque aquifer varies tremendously from less than 10 to80,000 square ft per day (Thorn et al., 1993). The hydraulicconductivity of the upper part of the Santa Fe Group varies alsobut is estimated to average approximately 20 ft per day in thevicinity of the Site (Thorn et al., 1993).

The water table configuration in the Albuquerque area haschanged considerably over time due to population growth and theresulting increases in groundwater pumping and use. Regionalgroundwater flow in the vicinity of the Site before large-scalegroundwater development is thought to have been toward thesouthwest, and this condition existed at least into the mid- tolate-1930s (Thorn et al., 1993). More recent groundwater elevationcontours constructed from groundwater elevation data obtained fromSite wells (1996, 1999, 2010, and 2017), however, indicate thatlocal groundwater flow is now predominately to the east. Hydraulicgradients calculated for horizontal groundwater flow beneath theSite ranged from 0.0042 foot per foot (ft/ft) (November 2016) to0.006 ft/ft (April 1996 and December 1999) (INTERA, 2015).

Data collected during the mid-1990s from on-Site groundwatermonitoring wells indicate the depth to groundwater beneath the Sitewas between 30 and 40 ft bgs (Daniel B. Stephens and Associates[DBS&A], 1996a). More recent well data indicate thatgroundwater levels at the Site have increased approximately 5 to 10ft above this range (INTERA, 2017). This rise in the local watertable in the downtown COA area is likely a direct result ofrecently reduced groundwater pumping from the regional aquifer asthe sole source for the area’s water supply. Additionally, as thewater levels rise, contaminated vadose zone soils previously notsaturated may become saturated. The newly saturated contaminatedsoils could contribute contamination to area groundwater.

2.5 Previous Investigations Investigations into the nature andextent of petroleum hydrocarbon and metal contamination at the Sitehave been ongoing since 1988 and have primarily focused on theextent of the soil contamination and the dissolved-phasegroundwater plume (INTERA, 2015). NMED conducted a limited siteinvestigation at the Site in 1988. Characterization activitiescompleted during this investigation included the sampling andanalysis (S&A) of surface soils and the installation of twooffsite monitoring wells. Results of this investigation indicatedthe presence of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metalin soils and trace toluene in groundwater (DBS&A, 1996b). Theseresults initiated a series of additional characterization effortsand some remedial action for one or more portions of the Site;however, remedial actions were limited to small excavation areas. Asummary of investigation activities completed for the Site since1988 is provided in Table 1. A summary of remedial actionscompleted for the Site since 1988 is provided in Table 2.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 6 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

Table 1. Characterization and Investigation Activities

Date Consultant Location Investigation Activity

December 1995 DBS&A CWE Shops Phase II Environmental SiteAssessment – collected soil and groundwater samples

June 1996 DBS&A ATSF Railway Company CWE Facility Water wellinventory, soil sampling,

groundwater sampling, and aquifer test

July 1996 DBS&A ATSF Railway Company CWE Facility Quarterlygroundwater monitoring –

Stage I Abatement Plan

September 1996 DBS&A ATSF Railway Company CWE FacilityPlugging and abandonment of on-site water

supply wells

December 1996 DBS&A ATSF Railway Company CWE FacilityQuarterly groundwater monitoring –

Stage I Abatement Plan

March 1997 DBS&A Former ATSF Railway Company CWE FacilityQuarterly groundwater monitoring –

Stage I Abatement Plan

January 2000 DBS&A Former ATSF Railway Company CWE FacilityGroundwater monitoring event

May 2000 Dames & Moore Inc. Former ATSF Railway Company

CWE Facility Limited Site Investigation – collected soil and

groundwater samples, installed wells

September 2000 ERM CWE Shop Area, Transformer Vandalism SiteInvestigated transformer oil leak from 13

vandalized electrical transformers

October 2005 Terracon Albuquerque Locomotive Shops Area B, AreaC, and Tract A Site characterization and remediation

excavation activities

June 2010 HAI Albuquerque Locomotive Shops Area A Phase IIEnvironmental Site Assessment –

collected soil and groundwater samples

January 2011 Innovar Albuquerque Locomotive Shops Area B, AreaC, and Tract A Phase II Environmental Site Assessment –

focused on nine areas of concern

July 2012 INTERA Albuquerque Locomotive Shops Area B, Area C,and Tract A Soil and groundwater sample collection to aid

in the delineation of metal and petroleum hydrocarboncontamination

September 2015 INTERA Conceptual Site Model, COA Rail YardsConsolidate all previous Site data

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 1 Additional Characterization ReportSoil, Soil Vapor, ACBM, LBP, and groundwater

sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 2 Additional Characterization ReportSoil, Soil Vapor, ACBM, LBP, and groundwater

sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 3 Additional Characterization ReportSoil Vapor, ACBM, and LBP sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 4 Additional Characterization ReportSoil, Soil Vapor, ACBM, LBP, and groundwater

sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 5 Additional Characterization ReportSoil Vapor, ACBM and LBP sampling

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 7 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

Table 1. Characterization and Investigation Activities(concluded).

Date Consultant Location Investigation Activity

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 7 Additional Characterization ReportSoil Vapor, ACBM, and LBP sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 8 Additional Characterization ReportSoil Vapor, ACBM, and LBP sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 9 Additional Characterization ReportSoil, Soil Vapor, ACBM, and LBP

sampling

February 2017 INTERA Parcel 10 Additional CharacterizationReport Soil, Soil Vapor, ACBM, LBP, and

groundwater sampling

February 2017 INTERA Additional Groundwater CharacterizationReport Groundwater sampling

2018 COA

Environmental Health Dept.

COA Rail Yards North and South Groundwater and soil vaporsampling

May 2019 COA

Environmental Health Dept.

COA Rail Yards North Additional Soil Investigation and ImpactedSoil Removal

Notes: ERM = Environmental Resources Management, Inc. HAI =Huang & Associates, Inc.

Table 2. Excavation Activities.

Date Consultant Location Soil Removal

Quantity (cubic yards)

Action Driver

2005 Terracon Roundhouse excavation area 40 Lead

2005 Terracon Former oil cellar/AST excavation area (reported tobe backfilled with same soil, HAI, 2010) 330 Petroleum

2005 Terracon Former battery storage excavation area 280Lead

2005 Terracon Former sand blasting excavation area 140 LeadNotes: AST= above-ground storage tank HAI = Huang & Associates,Inc.

Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPCs) The followingconstituents are identified as Site soil COPCs (INTERA, 2015):

• Metals: antimony, arsenic, chromium, iron, lead, manganese,and thallium • PAHs: benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene,benzo(b)fluoranthene,

dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene • Totalpetroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) diesel range organic (DRO) and TPHmotor oil

range organic (MRO) (the sum of TPH-DRO and TPH-MRO)

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 8 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

The following constituents are identified as Site groundwaterCOPCs (INTERA, 2015):

• PAHs including benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene,benzo(b)fluoranthene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, andindeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene

• Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene, toluene,ethyl benzene, and total xylenes (BTEX), total naphthalenes, andethylene dibromide (EDB)

• TPH (DRO and MRO) • Metals: mercury, arsenic, barium, cadmium,chromium, lead, selenium and silver

The following constituents are identified as Site soil vaporCOPCs (COA, 2018):

• VOCs including trichloroethene (TCE)

These COPCs were derived from evaluating historical Siteanalytical data with the applicable New Mexico state regulatorystandards including NMED soil screening level (SSLs) (NMED, 2019)and the New Mexico Water Quality Control Commission (NMWQCC) HumanHealth Standards defined in New Mexico Administrative Code (NMAC)20.6.2.3.3103 (New Mexico Ground Water Standards [NM-GS]) (NMED,2004). Petroleum contamination was present in both thefiner-grained and coarser-grained soil units.

Other Site COPCs established for Site redevelopment activitiesinclude:

• ACBM and LBP in Site buildings and structures.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 9 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

3.0 PROPOSED PERFORMANCE STANDARD Site compliance with the VRPPerformance Standard, as defined by NMAC 20.6.3.10 (NMED, 2001),will be established through the completion of a Method 2 assessmentfor both soil and soil vapor (Section 3.1 and Section 3.2,respectively). For soil, the primary concern is the potential forexposing workers to soil impacted with metals and/or petroleumhydrocarbons during the excavation activities required as part ofredevelopment. Current excavations are anticipated in distinctareas up to a depth of approximately 8 ft. Soil contaminationremovals will be in areas that are accessible; no removals will beconducted under existing buildings. The goal is to achieve soilconcentrations for the contaminants of concern that are belowapplicable NMED residential SSLs.

Exposure to VOCs as a result of soil vapor intrusion remains anenvironmental concern for the Site. During Site redevelopment, theprimary concern with the presence of VOCs in soil vapor is itspotential to adversely impact indoor air quality in new orrenovated structures and buildings.

Groundwater is not included as a medium of concern to beaddressed through active remediation during redevelopment as it isnot anticipated to be directly encountered during Siteredevelopment; however, because groundwater contamination is knownto be present beneath the Site, groundwater is required to beincluded as part of the Site long-term monitoring program.Groundwater impacts at the northern half of the COA Rail Yards islimited to elevated manganese, groundwater impacts at the southernhalf include elevated levels of petroleum hydrocarbons. Groundwatercontamination in the southern part of the Site will be addressed ina subsequent VRP Work Plan(s).

Site groundwater monitoring should occur regularly to establisha record of groundwater quality over time. Site compliance with theVRP Performance Standard (NMED, 2001) will also be established forSite groundwater through the completion of a Method 2 assessment(Section 3.3).

3.1 Method 2 Assessment for Soils Previous Site investigationwork has established that shallow subsurface soils in a fewdistinct areas of the Site contain residual contamination. Ofparticular concern are (1) construction worker exposure, and (2)the potential generation of regulated waste. Constructionactivities at the Site may result in excavation of and exposure tosoil impacted with elevated metals and VOCs/TPH which requiresdisposal at an approved disposal facility.

The COA will perform oversight of utility excavations toidentify any contaminated soil as the work occurs. This will beperformed in utility excavation areas for construction workerhealth and safety purposes. A copy of the Site-Specific Health andSafety Plan (SSHASP) will be included as an attachment to the VRPStatus Report to be submitted to the NMED (see Section 1.0).

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 10 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

The COA will remove and segregate any potential petroleumcontaminated soil (PCS) encountered for disposal. Potential PCSshall be defined as any soil observed to contain a total VOCconcentration in excess of 100 parts per million (ppm), the NMEDTPH soil screening action level (see Section 5.1 and Section5.5).

Analytical results obtained from soil samples collected duringredevelopment activities will be evaluated against applicable (1)New Mexico SSLs as defined by the most current version of NMED RiskAssessment Guidance for Site Investigations and Remediation (NMED,2019), and (2) the most current version of Environmental ProtectionAgency (EPA) Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) (EPA, 2014a) if anapplicable NMED SSL is not available.

Section 7.0 provides further discussion regarding how theproposed Site characterization activities for Site soil will meetthis performance standard.

3.2 Method 2 Assessment for Soil Vapor Previous Siteinvestigation work has established that shallow subsurface soils ina few distinct areas of the Site as well as shallow groundwatercontain residual contamination that may cause the generation andaccumulation of vapor-phase constituents in the Site vadose zone.Most of the contamination, both in soil and groundwater, is presentin the southern half of the COA Rail Yards and this contaminationwill be addressed in future VRP Work Plan(s).

Of particular concern is the potential presence of theseconstituents within the first 5 ft of the subsurface in Site areasproposed for development of permanent, enclosed structures intendedfor residential use.

Active soil vapor characterization S&A activities will beperformed to help delineate the lateral and vertical extent ofvapor-phase contamination in the vadose zone. In particular,sub-slab soil vapor samples shall be collected in the vapor pointsfrom historic buildings located within the northern area of theRail Yards. Previous sampling results have not indicated soil vaporconcerns but additional sampling will be conducted to confirm thatthe soil vapor levels remain below NMED vapor intrusion screeninglevels (VISLs).

Analytical results obtained from active soil vapor samplescollected will be evaluated against the most current applicable NewMexico VISLs as defined by the most current version of NMED RiskAssessment Guidance for Site Investigations and Remediation (NMED,2019).

Section 7.0 provides further discussion regarding how theproposed Site characterization activities for Site soil vapor willmeet this performance standard.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 11 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

3.3 Method 2 Assessment for Groundwater Previous Siteinvestigation work has established that groundwater contaminationis present at the Site (Section 2.6). Based on the former andexisting monitoring well network, the nature and extent of thepetroleum hydrocarbon plume is not fully defined to the south,west, or east in the southern portion of the Site.

The nature and extent of metals in groundwater is also not fullydefined in the southern portion of the Site. Groundwater currentlyrepresents an incomplete exposure pathway: It is not anticipatedthat excavations will extend into the water table and there isminimal risk of groundwater exposure to future environmentalreceptors. Groundwater contamination present in the southern halfof the COA Rail Yards will be addressed in future VRP WorkPlan(s).

Although groundwater does not currently represent anenvironmental exposure concern to current or reasonably foreseeablefuture Site users, groundwater S&A activities will be performedin existing Site monitoring wells to monitor local groundwaterlevels and plume behavior over time. Both iron and manganese werefound to occur at concentrations in excess of applicable NM-GSsince monitoring activities began. These occurrences appear topreferentially collocate with the estimated petroleum hydrocarbondissolved-phase plume suggesting that biodegradation of benzene,total naphthalene, and other petroleum hydrocarbon compounds isoccurring. This observation coupled with the absence of petroleumhydrocarbons and the presence of biodegradation parameters in thenorthern portion of the Site may indicate (1) iron and manganeseare present due to the historical use of the northern portion ofthe property and potentially as natural degradation of petroleumhydrocarbons in and near the ground water table; and/or (2) theseconcentrations are indicative of background conditions. Due to aregional rising water table, Site groundwater elevations should bemonitored to assess the potential of the rising local water tableto further contribute to Site soil vapor contamination and todetermine if the currently existing Site groundwater monitoringwells remain fully functional.

Analytical results obtained from any groundwater samplecollected as part of proposed VRP S&A activities will beevaluated against applicable NM-GS. Section 7.0 provides furtherdiscussion regarding how the proposed Site characterizationactivities for Site groundwater will meet this performancestandard.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 12 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

4.0 INTERIM REMEDIATION/PROTECTION MEASURES The COA currentlyleases the Storehouse and the Blacksmith Shop for Interim Uses andintends to continue to lease these buildings during implementationof this VRP Final Work Plan. As such, the lease holders of thesetwo buildings will be required to adhere to criteria detailed inthis section (Section 4.0) while using these spaces. Noncompliancewith the protection measures listed herein will result intermination of the lease.

4.1 Storehouse The historic Storehouse building, also referredto as the Warehouse and/or the WHEELS Warehouse, is a long andnarrow structure located in the southwest central portion of theSite and defines part of the Site’s west boundary (Figure 2). Builtin 1914, the Storehouse was used to house an enormous inventory ofall manner of parts and supplies for the larger maintenance shopsand the entire ATSF railroad system in general.

The COA currently leases the Storehouse to WHEELS for use asstorage space for their collections. A 501(c)3 organizationdedicated to collecting, preserving and creating educationalexhibits about the history of transportation in Albuquerque and NewMexico, the WHEELS collections embrace the history of therailroads, as well as automobiles, horse and wagon, and other modesof transportation, and explore impact(s) the presence of the RailYards had on Albuquerque growth and development.

Under the current Site lease agreement, the interim use of theStorehouse is designated as “for storage or warehouse use and onlysuch limited office use appropriate to a storage or warehousearea.” Access to the Storehouse by the general public is currentlynot permitted: only WHEELS employees and volunteers are permittedto access the building and only for such interim uses as designatedin the Site lease agreement (COA, 2008).

4.1.1 Required Protection Measures In order for WHEELS tocontinue interim utilization of the Storehouse as identified inSection 4.1, or for any other use(s) as approved by the COA,environmental concerns for the building must be evaluated andappropriate protection measures identified and implemented. Areview of current environmental data available for the Storehouseand immediate vicinity completed by INTERA for the purposes ofevaluating required protection measures for the proposed interimuses identified the following as potential environmental concerns:ACBM, LBP, surface and near surface contaminated soils in thesurrounding area, and soil vapor intrusion.

ACBM and LBP are present within the Storehouse. No renovationactivities will be completed by the current tenant. Any renovationwork will be completed by the COA after ACBM and LBP abatementactivities are completed, and the renovation area is properlydetermined to be free of ACBM and LBP by a Certified IndustrialHygienist (CIH).

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Controlling access to the Storehouse and the Storehouse’sdesignated parking area and restricting access to other areas ofthe Site not approved for interim use will be maintained by the COAat all times. For the Storehouse, access to and from the buildingshall be delineated by fencing and signage. Fencing shall berequired to be a minimum of 6 ft tall so as to deter trespassinginto surrounding Site areas where access is not permitted. Fencingcoupled with appropriate signage shall also clearly identifyrestricted versus non-restricted Site areas. Signs shall be used toclearly communicate the approved use of the designated area (e.g.“parking area for Storehouse only”; “restricted to tenantemployees”; or “access not permitted”). All parking areasdesignated for Storehouse Interim Use shall be covered by a minimumof 6 inches of gravel. The application of gravel is intended tominimize exposure to residual Site soil contamination byeliminating the potential for direct contact with soil andminimizing the suspension of potentially contaminated soilparticulates into the surrounding atmosphere. The addition ofwell-maintained graveled areas also helps to provide a visual keyto Site users, emphasizing areas of approved access and use. Ifimprovements are made to immediate Storehouse building areas (e.g.expansion of the parking lot to the east), upon written approvalfrom the COA, improvements must be completed while adhering to allInterim Use requirements listed above. Any changes to the InterimUse requirements will also require notification and approval byNMED.

4.2 Blacksmith Shop The Blacksmith Shop is located in thenortheast central portion of the Site and defines part of theSite’s east boundary (Figure 2). Currently, the COA leases theBlacksmith Shop between April and December of each year to avariety of tenants, including the Rail Yards Market and otherprivate users, who use the facility for parties or other socialgathering events. When rented, use of the Blacksmith Shop andimmediate surrounding area is strictly limited to the following:the building, City-owned portable restrooms, designated walkwayspresent between the buildings located west and south of theBlacksmith Shop, and associated parking lots located north and westof the Blacksmith Shop.

Current rules for any event to be held at the Blacksmith Shopare as follows:

1. There is no potable water available at the Blacksmith Shop.2. Restrooms are included with the Blacksmith Shop with male,female, and American

Disabilities Act (ADA)-accessible facilities. 3. There aretwelve (12) twenty (20) amp separate circuits and five (5) fifty(50) amp

connections in the Blacksmith Shop. 4. The potential occupancyof the Blacksmith Shop is nine hundred ninety-nine (999)

occupants depending upon the floor plan setup and approvals bythe Fire Marshal. The total capacity includes all staff, vendors,and performers inside the space. The renter will be required tomonitor the capacity.

5. No heating or cooling systems are provided at the BlacksmithShop.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 14 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

6. The COA is not responsible for loud train whistles or passingof trains during events. 7. Parking outside the Blacksmith Shop atun-designated sites or off-site is done at own risk.

The COA is not responsible for damages. 8. The COA does notprovide any sound or lighting equipment. 9. All doors of theBlacksmith Shop must be locked open during events. 10. It is therenter responsibility to supervise the conduct of all performers,staff, volunteers,

vendors, and event guests when they are at the Blacksmith Shop.11. No riding bicycles or skateboards; no hot air balloons; noonsite body piercing or tattoos. 12. No alcoholic beverages unlessalcohol service permits are obtained. 13. No weapons, drugparaphernalia or illegal items. 14. A renter representative must beon Site at the Blacksmith Shop at all times during the rental

period. 15. Renter assumes all responsibility for any personalproperty it brings to the Blacksmith

Shop. Renter agrees to hold the COA harmless in the event of anydamage or theft of any personal property.

Additional user requirements of the Blacksmith Shop asstipulated by the COA include:

1. Any member/or attendee of an event held at the BlacksmithShop that is discovered in a restricted area may result in theimmediate cancellation of that event, and forfeiture of the damagedeposit given to the COA prior to that event. For the Rail YardsMarket, which holds multiple events, any representative or memberof the renter found to be within the Blacksmith Shop outside ofrenter rental hours may result in the cancellation of the nextscheduled Rail Yards Market event.

2. No modifications of the Blacksmith Shop are allowed withoutprior written approval by the COA. If approved, any permanent orsemi-permanent installment or change to the Blacksmith Shop willrequire a separate license agreement with the COA prior to beingimplemented. It is the responsibility of the renter to obtain thisAgreement. If any permanent or semi-permanent changes to theBlacksmith Shop are made without prior written approval, then theCOA reserves the right to terminate the Agreement or cancel futuredates.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 15 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

4.2.1 Required Protection Measures A review of currentenvironmental data available for the Blacksmith Shop identified thefollowing potential environmental concerns for interim use: ACBM,LBP, and contaminated soils in the surrounding area. Extensive ACBMand LBP surveys have been conducted previously for the facility andthe results of these surveys indicate that ACBM remains in thewindow glazing and LBP is present on ceiling structures.

To date, neither the ACBM nor the LBP concerns have beencompletely abated; however, temporary measures to control accessand inadvertent exposure to such hazardous materials — sealing offwindows, removal of weathered window putty, and prescriptive housecleaning and maintenance measures, such as floor cleaning prior toeach planned facility event — continue to be applied to thebuilding as needed. Until ACBM and LBP concerns are fullymitigated, every effort shall be made to prevent the accumulationof dust within the Blacksmith Shop. Repainting of the ceiling ofthe Blacksmith Shop is also being considered. Such temporarymeasures shall be incorporated into a master hazardous materialsmanagement plan to be drafted for the Blacksmith Shop InterimUse.

Like the Storehouse, the Blacksmith Shop management plan shalloutline both short-term and long-term monitoring or maintenancerequirements for ACBM and LBP remaining in the building and shallinclude a schedule for routine building inspections by anappropriately certified inspector. If, during an inspection,material confirmed to contain LBP or ACBM is determined to be ofsuch condition as to represent an immediate and unacceptableexposure, the material shall be properly abated as deemedappropriate by a certified ACBM/LBP inspector during a time periodthat interim uses are not occurring.

Also like the Storehouse, controlled access to the BlacksmithShop and restricting access to other areas of the Site not approvedfor interim use is paramount and must be maintained at all times.Access to and from designated Interim Use areas shall be delineatedby 6 ft tall fencing and appropriate signage. Allpublicly-accessible areas in the immediate vicinity of the buildingutilized for parking shall be covered by gravel a minimum of 6inches thick. If the COA receives and subsequently approves, inwriting, any request for building or area improvements during theinterim use period, these improvements must be completed whileadhering to the requirements listed above. Any changes to theInterim Use requirements will also require notification andapproval by NMED.

Sub-slab soil vapor has been assessed in the Blacksmith Shop andStorehouse in 2017 and 2018. Sub-slab soil gas concentrationsidentified indicate impact from VOCs, but all concentrations ofVOCs identified are below corresponding VISLs (as applicable). TheCOA will continue to monitoring sub-slab soil gas concentrations bysampling and if VISLs are exceeded, engineering controls will beconstructed to mitigate any potential unsafe indoor airconditions.

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4.3 Flu Shop The Flu Shop is located in the northeast centralportion of the COA Rail Yards (Figure 2). The COA is envisioningsimilar uses for the Flu Shop as are currently in place at theBlacksmith Shop. The ACMB/LBP in the Flu Shop will be remediated,and the building will be remodeled for reuse. Current plans for theremodel are evolving and will be provided to NMED as they becomefinal. NMED can be assured that no long-term occupancy of thisbuilding is being planned, only temporary uses as the BlacksmithShop is the current goal for this building. Further, no use of theFlu Shop will occur until all ACBM and LBP is abated properly.

4.4 Other Interim Uses If other Interim Uses of the Site areidentified by the COA prior to completion of Site redevelopment,revision of this section (Section 4.0) of the VRP Final Work Planis required to incorporate such additional uses and the revisedsection will be resubmitted to NMED for approval prior toproceeding with the Interim Uses. All proposed Interim Uses shallbe evaluated to clearly identify what the Interim Uses are, theanticipated duration of operation(s), the associated Site area ofimpact, and the required protection measures that will be put inplace in order for the Interim Uses to be conducted safely.

On resubmission of a revised Section 4.0 to this VRP Final WorkPlan (if necessary), NMED VRP will review and respond with commentsand will be modified to address NMED VRP comments. Any additionalInterim Uses sought by the COA may commence only upon NMED VRPapproval and will be followed by proper implementation anddocumentation of the recommended actions with the appropriateprotection measures.

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5.0 PROPOSED SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES To execute Siteredevelopment, the COA is seeking to complete all necessaryrequirements to receive from NMED: (1) a COC or CCOC for the Siteor designated areas of the Site that addresses the soil, soilvapor, and groundwater concerns identified for the Site; and (2) aCNS for a potential developer and/or lessor that addresses allenvironmental media potentially impacted by former Siteoperations.

To achieve Site redevelopment under the NMED VRP, the followingS&A activities are proposed for the Site that will be completedby COA and/or its contractors:

• S&A Activity 1 – Soil Characterization and Disposal duringConstruction

• S&A Activity 2 – Groundwater Investigation and AnnualGroundwater Monitoring

• S&A Activity 3 – Subsurface Soil Gas Characterization

• S&A Activity 4 – ACBM and LBP Survey of Site Buildings andStructures Prior to Construction

Upon completion, results of the VRP S&A activities will beprovided to NMED as part of the final Voluntary RemediationCompletion Report. Details regarding these S&A activities areprovided in the following subsections.

5.1 Soil Characterization During Construction Soilcharacterization during construction will be limited to soilsampling in the areas of subsurface utility lines and majorexcavation areas. Soil samples will be screened in the field usinga photoionization detector (PID) and a hand-held x-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) unit. Areas of soil contamination identified to exceed NMEDSSLs will be remediated as outlined in Section 5.5.

The intent of this S&A activity is to ensure proper handlingand disposition of Site soils during construction and to illustratethat remaining Site soils meet the NMED VRP performance standard asdescribed in Section 3.1 above.

Based on current Site knowledge, the following NMED VRPactivities are proposed for the Site:

• Evaluation of Site soils excavated and removed as part ofbuilding construction via field screening and laboratory analysis,as required.

• Segregation, characterization, and transportation of PCS andSite debris potentially encountered and exhumed as part of buildingconstruction.

• Proper management and disposal of PCS and exhumed Site debrisencountered as part of building construction, as required.

These activities are planned to be executed in tandem withredevelopment construction activities.

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The potential for residual pockets of contamination in Sitesoils represents a particular concern for the COA with respect toboth construction worker exposure and the potential generation ofwaste. To ensure proper handling and disposition of PCS is executedduring Site redevelopment, an Impacted Soil Contingency Plan isincluded as Appendix C.

COA has identified both the COA Cerro Colorado Landfill inAlbuquerque and the Waste Management Landfill Facility in ValenciaCounty as local facilities currently approved to accept impactedsoil. Once a disposal facility is selected based on volume andconcentration, the COA or Site Developer will submit a report tothe NMED Solid Waste Bureau (SWB) to document the excavation,transportation, and disposal of impacted soil and/or buried debris.At a minimum, the report shall include information about thefollowing:

• The company performing the excavation and transportation work• The disposal facility • The quantity of impacted soil and/orburied debris removed • Applicable screening levels • Laboratoryanalytical results • Shipping manifests (or truck weight tickets) •Date(s) of work

The report will also include a photograph log.

5.2 Groundwater Investigation and Annual Groundwater MonitoringFluid level data will be collected from all Site wells, and allSite wells will be sampled and analyzed on an annual basis for theparameters listed below. In addition, an assessment of screenedintervals should be conducted once groundwater levels are measured.Following this initial assessment, groundwater samples will becollected from all Site monitoring wells on an annual basis.

The COA proposes to install two upgradient groundwatermonitoring wells. The proposed locations are shown on Figure 4. Twosoil borings will be advanced. The soil borings will be a minimumof 6-inches in diameter and continuous soil samples will becollected from each soil boring. The locations of the borings wereselected to define the upgradient conditions of the dissolved-phaseplume.

The drilling of each soil boring shall be completed using atruck-mounted, low-clearance hollow-stem auger (HSA) drilling rig(CME 75 [high torque], 85, 95, or equivalent) equipped with aminimum 6-inch diameter auger. Additionally, to confirm each soilboring location is clear of subsurface utilities, the proposedlocations will be cleared by hand digging to approximately 5 ft

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bgs. Due to drilling in an active roadway and reducing trafficto one-lane, traffic control is necessary, and flaggers will safelydirect traffic around work areas.

The targeted depth of the monitoring wells is 35 ft bgs butmonitoring well completion depths will be determined based on themeasured depth to groundwater at the time of soil boringinstallation.

The soil borings will be continuously sampled using either a5-ft-long continuous sampler or an 18-inch-long (or 24-inch-long)split-spoon sampler. Soil samples will be screened for the presenceof VOCs using a PID equipped with a 10.6-electron volt lamp. PIDreadings and a geologic description of the sample will be recordedon the soil boring log maintained by the INTERA scientist orengineer. Soil cores will be lithologically logged in accordancewith ASTM International (ASTM) Standard D 2488–17e1, StandardPractice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-ManualProcedure) (ASTM, 2017). A maximum of one soil sample from eachsoil boring will be submitted for laboratory analyses. A copy ofthe soil field screening standard operating procedure (SOP) isprovided in Appendix A.

One soil sample will be collected per boring and submitted forlaboratory analyses and analyzed for the Site contaminants ofconcern. The selection of the samples to be analyzed will be basedon field screening results, i.e., the samples having the highestPID readings (or staining/olfactory evidence) will be selected forlaboratory analyses. If the PID does not detect any volatileorganic vapors and no other evidence of impact is observed, onlyone sample collected directly above the water table will besubmitted. Samples selected for VOC analyses will be extracted inthe field with methanol.

Soil cuttings generated during drilling activities will becontainerized in Department of Transportation (DOT)-approved55-gallon steel drums and labeled accordingly. Two waste profilesoil samples from the drummed soil cuttings will be submitted forlaboratory analysis of VOCs, TPH, and Resource Conservation andRecovery Act (RCRA) metals. Drummed soil cuttings will betransported by a licensed contractor and disposed of at a licensedfacility. Drums will be temporarily stored on Site in aCOA-approved staging area pending laboratory analyses prior toremoval and disposal.

The two soil borings will be converted to permanent groundwatermonitoring wells using methods detailed in ASTM Standard D5092-04,Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground WaterMonitoring Wells (ASTM, 2004).

Each soil boring will be completed as a 2-inch diametermonitoring well, constructed of 2-inch diameter, flush-threaded,schedule-40 polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with 15 ft of 0.020-inch slotscreen (10 ft below the water table and 5 ft above the water table)and blank casing to the ground surface. Each monitoring wellannulus will be backfilled with 10/20 silica sand (filter pack)to

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 20 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

approximately 2 ft above the top of the monitoring well screen.Approximately 3 ft of hydrated bentonite clay chips will be placedabove the sand pack. Neat cement grout (95% cement and 5% bentonitepowder) will be placed above the bentonite seal to approximately 3ft below grade. The remaining monitoring well annulus and surfacepad will be completed with cement. Each monitoring well will beinstalled with flush-grade, traffic-rated wellhead completions. Thewellhead completion will consist of an 8-inch, flush-grade,traffic-rated well vault installed within a 2-ft by 2-ft by4-inch-thick cement pad.

The new monitoring wells will be developed immediately afterwell installation and at least 48 hours prior to sampling. Prior todevelopment, monitoring wells will be gauged with an oil/waterinterface probe to determine if light nonaqueous phase liquid(LNAPL) is present. If LNAPL is not present, monitoring wells willbe developed by bailing and pumping for a maximum of one hour.Water produced during development will be discharged to animpermeable surface near the originating well. If LNAPL is presentin the monitoring well(s), development will not occur. Thetemperature, pH, specific conductivity, and relative turbidity(visual method) of the water will be measured and recorded duringdevelopment.

A survey of the two new monitoring wells (proposed MW-12 andMW-13) and existing wells MW-01 through MW-11 (thirteen [13]monitoring wells total) will be completed after monitoring wellinstallation is completed. The monitoring wells will be locatedvertically to the nearest 0.01 ft relative to the North AmericanVertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). The horizontal location of themonitoring wells will be surveyed to the nearest 0.1 ft using theNorth American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) and either the State Plane orLatitude-Longitude coordinate system.

The groundwater monitoring well network (13 monitoring wells)will be sampled on an annual basis for a period of at least two (2)years. The groundwater sampling will be scheduled to follow thewell installation allowing the newly installed monitoring wells tostabilize for 48-hours following well development. The followingactivities will be performed:

• Contact the COA Project Manager and the NMED VRP ProjectManager at least four days prior to monitoring and sampling.

• Secure transportation and equipment (a vehicle, gauging andsampling equipment, a field logbook, a camera, a tool kit, theSSHASP, etc.).

• Review the HASP and conduct daily safety briefings.

• Remove caps from all monitoring wells to relieve pressurecaused by a fluctuating water table.

• Gauge depth to water and depth to LNAPL (as applicable) atgroundwater monitoring wells MW-01 through MW-13.

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• Collect groundwater samples from 13 monitoring wells withsufficient water and not containing LNAPL and analyze for theconstituents outlined below.

Due to groundwater sampling in an active roadway, trafficcontrol is necessary, and flaggers will safely direct trafficaround work areas.

The groundwater monitoring wells will be purged a minimum ofthree saturated well-casing volumes using single-use disposablebailers. In the event that a well is purged dry, the well will besampled immediately after a sufficient volume of water hasrecharged into the well to fill sample containers. During purgingactivities, groundwater quality parameters (specific conductivity,temperature, and pH) will be monitored for stabilization using aYSI 556 MPS water quality meter or similar water quality meter.Groundwater samples will be collected directly from the disposablebailer using an attachable volatile organic analysis collectiontip.

Groundwater samples collected for analysis will be placed in40-milliliter (mL) volatile organic analysis vials with zeroheadspace and preserved with mercuric chloride (HgCl2). All purgedwater will be discharged on an impermeable surface so that it willevaporate and will not infiltrate into subsurface soil.

Groundwater samples will be submitted for the followinglaboratory analysis:

• VOCs via EPA Method EPA Method 8260;

• EDB via EPA Method 504.1;

• TPH DRO and MRO via EPA Method 8015B;

• Dissolved Metals: barium, chromium, copper, iron, lead,manganese, and zinc via EPA Method 6010C/200.7/6020/200.8; and,

• PAHs via EPA Method 8310.

After collection, all groundwater samples will be labeled andimmediately packed in an ice-chilled cooler for transport to thecontract laboratory for analyses. Proper chain-of-custodyprocedures will be adhered to during sample collection, transport,and delivery.

A comprehensive investigation and groundwater monitoring reportwill be submitted upon completion of the field activities, receiptof analytical data, and data evaluation. The report will summarizefield activities, measurements, and laboratory analytical results(historical and present) associated with groundwater monitoring andsampling. The report will contain the following information:

• Introduction, Scope of Work, and Work Plan Deviations •Project Description

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• Description of Field Activities • Summary of Data •Conclusions • Recommendations • Figures:

- Site Plan - Soil Concentration Map - Potentiometric SurfaceMap - Distribution of VOCs in Groundwater - Hydrographs andTemporal Concentration Trends

• Tables: - Fluid Level Measurements - Laboratory Results (soiland groundwater), including historical groundwater data

for existing wells

• Appendices: - Soil Boring Logs - Monitoring Well ConstructionDiagrams - Field Notes and Forms - Laboratory AnalyticalReports

The annual groundwater monitoring reports will follow this sameoutline but will not contain the initial investigation/monitoringwell installation activity information.

Annual groundwater monitoring activities will be conducted for aperiod of at least two years. If any groundwater concentrations ofcontaminants of concern are identified above their respectiveNMWQCC Standard(s) after this two-year period, groundwatermonitoring activities as described above will continue on an annualbasis until there are no NMWQCC exceedances.

5.3 Subsurface Soil Gas Characterization Soil Vapor Pins™ havebeen installed in all the buildings that will remain at the Site.The Vapor Pin™ sampling devices were installed in the concretefloor of each building according to the Vapor Pin™ SOP. A completedcopy of the Vapor Pin™ SOP is included in Appendix B.

The objective of any additional sub-slab soil vapor sampling isto determine if VOCs are present in soil vapor below the concreteslab at any of the Site buildings. The soil vapor samples will becompared to NMED-established industrial/occupational use VISLs(NMED, 2019). Soil vapor samples will be collected in the northernarea using summa cannisters with detection limits low enough tocompare to the NMED VISLs for residential andindustrial/occupational use. Soil vapor

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sample analysis and sampling schedule for the southern buildingswill be proposed in subsequent VRP Work Plan(s).

A map of the previous soil gas sampling locations is shown onFigure 6. Future soil gas samples will be collected at either theselocations or nearby these previous sampling locations.

Sub-slab soil vapor samples will be collected on an annual basisin the northern area. Each soil vapor sample will be collectedusing clean, dedicated Teflon-lined polyethylene tubing, andlaboratory-provided, dedicated 6-liter (6L) stainless-steel summacannisters. These samples will be collected as “grab” samples andwill not be collected over a specified time period (i.e. 8-hours).The soil vapor samples will be analyzed for VOCs via EPA MethodTO-15.

Soil vapor will be purged at each sampling location using aCO2/O2/CH4 meter until readings stabilize, and then field analyzedusing a PID prior to sample collection. The soil vapor sample isthen collected by attaching the tubing from the Vapor Pin™ to thesumma cannister. In some cases, soil vapor samples may be collectedfrom traditional soil vapor sampling points where Vapor Pins™ arenot present or have been damaged/plugged/removed since previoussampling events.

Soil vapor samples are collected through Teflon linedpolyethylene tubing attached directly to the Vapor Pin™. The tubingis then connected to a three-way valve which is then connected tothe hand-held sampling units and/or the collection vessel (summacannister).

PID field screening of the soil vapor samples will be conductedusing a PID equipped with a 10.6 eV lamp. The PID will also utilizean in-line water trap to eliminate water vapor from entering thePID. Soil vapor will be evacuated from the tubing using the PIDinternal pump and analyzed for the presence of volatile organics.The PID will provide a reading of volatile organics in parts permillion volume (ppmv). PIDs screen ionizable organic compoundconcentrations in air in ppmv for total ionizable organic compoundsdetected. PIDs detect VOC concentrations at levels between 0 to1,000 ppmv, with a minimum detection of 0.1 ppmv.

A sample label will be affixed to each summa canister. The labelwill be completed with the following information written inindelible ink:

• Project name and location • Sample identification number •Date and time of sample collection • Sample collector’s initials •Analysis required

After labeling, each summa cannister will stored in dark plasticbags placed in coolers to protect the sorbent tubes from any damagethat may occur in the field or in transit. In addition, coolersinsure the integrity of the samples by keeping them at a cooltemperature and out of direct sunlight.

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The soil vapor samples will be delivered to the contractlaboratory each day for immediate preparation and analysis.

The soil vapor samples will be collected using stainless steelVapor Pins™ installed in the concrete floor. Soil vapor will becollected at each Vapor Pin™ from immediately below each building’sconcrete slab. The Vapor Pins™ will be completed withstainless-steel covers so subsequent sub-slab soil vapor samplescan be collected if desired and/or necessary. In some cases, soilvapor samples may be collected from traditional soil vapor samplingpoints where Vapor Pins™ are not present or have beendamaged/removed since previous sampling events.

At the conclusion of field activities, the soil gas samplingresults will be documented in the annual groundwater monitoringreport and will include a summary table of the applicable soilvapor results, comparison to NMED VISLs for residential andindustrial/occupational use (NMED, 2019), and any recommendationsfor either further Site assessment, indoor air monitoring, orimplementation of engineering controls within and/or below aspecific building.

5.4 ACBM and LBP Survey of Site Buildings and Structures Priorto Construction No further ACBM/LBP sampling activities areanticipated. The COA has conducted significant ACBM/LBP samplingefforts at the Site and have a good understanding of all buildingmaterials that either contain ACBM and/or are coated with LBP.Specific ACBM/LBP abatement plans have been prepared for certainSite buildings. As redevelopment and use of the other buildings areplanned, ACBM/LBP abatement plans will be developed that can beused by the COA and future occupants to guide maintenance,renovation, and demolition activities.

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6.0 PROPOSED REMEDIATION ACTIVITIES A comprehensive review ofprevious Site investigations and associated analytical data wascompleted to determine the current status of environmentalconditions for the Site.

1. Soil Removal: Soil contamination is present at the Site inseveral areas from the ground surface to a depth of 10 ft bgs. TheCOA removed contaminated soil in those areas of the northern COARail Yards indicated on Figure 3 (battery storage area and sandblasting area). The recent COA soil removal activities will bedocumented in a VRP Status Report to be submitted to NMED underseparate cover.

2. Installation of Engineering Controls: Soil contamination ispresent at the Site in distinct areas at depth (greater than 10ft). Although these deeper soils do not typically pose an exposurerisk for construction workers, if redevelopment plans includeexcavations to depths greater than 10 ft bgs, potential exposure toPCS will need to be considered. Even if no excavation exceeding 10ft bgs is planned, deeper PCS at the Site poses an additional humanhealth concern of vapor intrusion (southern half of the Site). Forthese areas, construction plans for enclosed structures may need toconsider the additional installation of engineering controls (vaporintrusion membranes or passive soil vapor venting systems) ifadditional characterization efforts for soil vapor indicateconcern. The installation of vapor intrusion membranes is morelikely to occur within the southern half of the COA Rail Yards.

3. Immobilization/Containment of ACBM and LBP Materials: Adetermination will need to be made once the redevelopment isdecided upon as to whether ACBM/LBP abatement or encapsulationneeds to occur for those building materials testing positive forthe presence of ACBM/LBP. The final building renovation design willhave to take these materials into account and a decision will haveto be made as to their final deposition. Any remaining ACBM and/orLBP will need to be documented, and a management plan will need tobe developed governing how these materials should be handledfollowing renovation activities.

4. Groundwater Remediation: Active groundwater remediation isnot proposed at this time. The COA will continue to monitorgroundwater by collecting Site groundwater samples on an annualbasis. After two years of annual groundwater monitoring, the COAwill re-evaluate groundwater concentrations and determine ifmonitored natural attenuation (MNA) parameters show if sufficientdegradation is occurring or if more aggressive remediation methodsare necessary. As stated above, the southern half of the COA RailYards and this contamination will be addressed in future VRP WorkPlan(s).

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 26 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

Implementation of one or more of these remedial actions toaddress residual soil contamination at the Site will be through aphased approach and will depend on the results of the associatedproposed additional characterization and sampling efforts (Section5.0).

Analytical results obtained for soil collected at the Siteconfirm that residual soil contamination is present and, ifencountered, this contamination source will be addressed uponexcavation and removal of soils as part of the constructionplanning and oversight as detailed in Section 5.0 above.

Analytical results obtained for groundwater collected at theSite indicate that groundwater contamination is present as a resultof past Site use(s); however, depth to groundwater is documented atapproximately 22 ft bgs to 25 ft bgs. Maximum excavation will be 15ft or less. Groundwater is not anticipated to be encountered byconstruction during Site redevelopment, and no further actionregarding groundwater assessment or remediation is required.

Current Site buildings will be demolished. The location of thebuildings to be razed are shown on Figure 5. Prior to demolition,all ACBM will be removed and disposed of according to local andstate regulations. The following buildings have been demolished orare listed to be demolished within the northern half of the COARail Yards:

1. North End of Flu Shop 2. North Wash Room (demolished early2019) 3. Sheet Metal House (demolished early 2019) 4. Cab PaintShop 5. Pattern House

The COA will submit a VRP Status Report documenting thedemolition of these two buildings. The other buildings within thenorthern half of the COA Rail Yards will be remediated andremodeled per future COA redevelopment plans.

Several of the buildings within the Site contain wood blockfloors. The wood blocks are coated with creosote. Previous samplingof the wood blocks has indicated that the wood blocks can bedisposed of as municipal solid waste. As demolition and renovationof buildings at the Site occurs, the wood blocks will be disposedof accordingly.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 27 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

7.0 DISCUSSION OF HOW PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WILL MEET THE VRPPERFORMANCE STANDARD

Performance requirements for projects participating in the NMEDVRP program are described in NMAC 20.6.3.10 (NMED, 2001). Theseperformance standards involve four specific activities to meet NMEDVRP requirements: (1) identify the problem, (2) quantify the risk,(3) verify the need for remedial action, and (4) identify theremedy. Details regarding how already-completed or currentlyproposed Site assessments provide sufficient information to supportconclusions regarding these activities are discussed further in thesubsections below.

7.1 VRP Performance Standard Objective 1 Performance StandardObjective 1 can be defined as identification of “the source, natureand extent, migration pathways, and environmental fate andtransport of contaminants in all environmental media present at thesite (i.e., soil, groundwater, surface water, sediment, and/orair).”

Characterization sampling and analysis efforts were performed atthe Site for soil, groundwater, and/or soil vapor. Results of theseefforts identified the following:

• Nature of contamination – TPH, VOCs, PAHs, and metals •Potential contaminant source – Historical Rail Yard operations •Extent of contamination – Documented areas of soil and groundwatercontamination • Migration pathways – Leaching, particulatesuspension in air, groundwater movement,

and soil vapor migration • Fate and transport of contaminatedmedia – Dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation

7.2 VRP Performance Standard Objective 2 Performance StandardObjective 2 can be defined as quantification of “the risk of harmposed by the site to human health, safety, and theenvironment.”

Three environmental Site media have been identified as beingpotentially impacted by one or more COPCs: soil, soil vapor, andgroundwater. The relative degree of risk posed by exposure to theseCOPCs at the Site has been established by directly comparing SiteCOPC concentrations to applicable standards currently available atthe time of comparison. Applicable standards used for thiscomparison include:

• Soils

- NMED SSLs (NMED, 2019)

• Groundwater

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 28 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

- NM-GS (NMED, 2004) - EPA maximum contaminant levels [MCLs](EPA, 2009)

• Soil Vapor

- NMED VISLs (NMED, 2019)

During Site redevelopment activities, impacted soil, ifencountered, will be determined by directly comparing Site COPCconcentrations to the most currently available applicable standardsfor soil.

7.3 VRP Performance Standard Objective 3 Performance StandardObjective 3 can be defined as verification for “the need to conductremedial actions at the site to safeguard against such risks.”

Any potential exposure to impacted soil during constructionactivities shall be addressed as part of the Impacted SoilContingency Plan for the Site.

Analysis of Site groundwater data collected indicate thatgroundwater has been impacted by former Site operations (INTERA,2017).

Sub-slab soil vapor data indicates that contaminants wereidentified above NMED VISLs.

The presence of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in thevadose zone soil and in the dissolved phase can contribute to soilvapor. If the magnitude of these contaminants is great enough,vapor intrusion could result.

Site soil vapor issues will be handled by the use of vaporintrusion liner(s) below any new buildings if warranted. Vaporventing systems may need to be installed around existing structuresdepending on sample results and future redevelopment scenarios. Anypotential subsurface parking garages will be further vented by airexchange rates typically used by below-grade parkingstructures.

7.4 VRP Performance Standard Objective 4 Performance StandardObjective 4 can be defined as identification of “the remedialaction selection and design, if appropriate.”

The COA will oversee the excavation of Site soils duringredevelopment to meet the performance objectives of the VRP. Perthe proposed performance standard for soil as described in Section3.0, if any constituent is found to be present in Site soils at aconcentration that exceeds an applicable standard (as detailed inthis document), the remediation contractor will handle impactedsoils as outlined in Appendix C of this VRP Final Work Plan.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 29 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

Soil vapor issues will be handled as described in Section 7.3.No groundwater remediation is proposed for the Site. Asbestos andLBP will be abated or encapsulated in place prior to any buildingrenovation and/or demolition activities.

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 30 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

8.0 REFERENCES ASTM International (ASTM). 2004. ASTM StandardD5092–04, Standard Practice for Design

and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells. WestConshohocken, PA.

––––––, 2017. ASTM Standard D 2488–17e1, Standard Practice forDescription and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure).West Conshohocken, PA.

Chamberlin, R. M., J. M. Gillentine, C. S. Haase, J. W. Hawley,R. P. Lozinsky, and P. S. Mozley, 1992. Hydrogeologic Framework ofthe Northern Albuquerque Basin. New Mexico Bureau of Mines andMineral Resources Open-File Report 387. Socorro, New Mexico, NewMexico Institute of Mining and Technology. September.

City of Albuquerque (COA). 2018. City of Albuquerque data – soilvapor and ground water sampling activities. 2018.

Daniel B. Stephens & Associates, Inc., 1996a. Atchison,Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company Centralized Work EquipmentFacility Report on Stage 1 Abatement Activities. June 5.

––––––. 1996b. Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway CompanyCentralized Work Equipment Facility, Stage 1 Abatement Plan.February 22.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2009. Drinking WaterContaminants – Standards and Regulations. Accessed March 2015.http://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulations

––––––. 2014a. Vapor Intrusion Screening Level (VISL) CalculatorUser’s Guide. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Officeof Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation. May.

———. 2014b. OSWER Vapor Intrusion Assessment, Vapor IntrusionScreening Level (VISL) Calculator, Version 3.2, November 2013 RSLs.Accessed September 2014.http://www.epa.gov/oswer/vaporintrusion/guidance.html

Huang & Associates, Inc. (HAI), 2010. Final Phase IIEnvironmental Site Assessment Report. Targeted BrownfieldsAssessment, Albuquerque Locomotive Shops (Area A), Albuquerque, NewMexico. June.

Innovar Environmental, Inc. 2011. Final Phase II TargetedBrownfields Environmental Site Assessment for the AlbuquerqueLocomotive Shops Area B, C, Tract A. Albuquerque, BernalilloCounty, New Mexico. Prepared for the US Army Corps of Engineers,Albuquerque District. January 4.

INTERA Incorporated (INTERA). 2017. Additional GroundwaterCharacterization Report City of Albuquerque Rail Yards,Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico. Prepared for the Cityof Albuquerque. February 3.

––––––. 2015. DRAFT Conceptual Site Model City of AlbuquerqueRail Yards, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Prepared for the City ofAlbuquerque. September 25.

http://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulationshttp://www.epa.gov/oswer/vaporintrusion/guidance.html

New Mexico Environment Department Voluntary Remediation ProgramFinal Work Plan City of Albuquerque Rail Yards (VRP Site No.53161007) Page 31 Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico June28, 2019

––––––. 2012. Additional Site Investigation Report. City ofAlbuquerque South Railyard, Albuquerque Locomotive Shops Area B, C,and Tract A, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Prepared for the City ofAlbuquerque. July 27.

New Mexico Environment Department (NMED). 2001. New MexicoAdministrative Code (NMAC) 20.6.3, Voluntary Remediation. November27.

———. 2004. NMAC 20.6.2, Ground and Surface Water Protection. Dec1, 1995. Amended September 26.

———. 2019. Risk Assessment Guidance for Site Investigations andRemediation. Volume 1. March 7.

Thorn, C. R., D. P. McAda, and J. M. Kernodle, 1993.Geohydrologic Framework and Hydrologic Conditions in theAlbuquerque Basin, Central NM, U.S. U.S. Geological SurveyWater-Resources Investigation Report 93-4149.

United States Army Corps of Engineers, 1979. Albuquerque GreaterUrban Area. Urban Studies Program, Water Supply, Appendix III.

FIGURES

Service Layer Credits:

Figure 1Site Location

Albuquerque Rail Yards, Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, NewMexico

S:\ABQ\COA On-Call2014\Task_17_Railyard_VRP\Graphics\GIS\MapDocs\WorkPlan_2018\01_SiteLocation.mxd12/17/2018

2,000 0 2,0001,000

Feet

Source(s): USGS, Albuquerque West Quadrangle, 1996

Site Location

NEWMEXICO

COA Rail Yards North

COA Rail Yards South

COARail YardsNorth

COARail YardsSouth

RoundhouseExcavation Area

SandBlastingArea

BatteryStorage Area

Former OilCellar/AST

LyeVat

TenderRepairShop SheetMetalHouse

NorthWashRoom

FlueShop

BlacksmithShopGasolineStorageCellar

FormerUST Area

Former ASTFormer AST

Former AST

CanopyBoilerShop

PossibleLocationof USTs

Former AST

TransferTable

MachineShop

SouthWash RoomBabbittShop Welding Shop

OilCellarOil Cellar

Oil Cellar

OilCellar

OfficeSpace

ConcreteWaterReservoir

Lye VatShedPowerHouse

Storehouse

CabPaintShop

Waste& PaintRooms

FireStation

PatternHouse

EngineInspectionPitCraneRunway

Platform

Motor CarGarage

Turntable

RoundhouseFoundation

EngineWashRack

FireRunway

FireRunway

FireRunway

RailroadSuperintendent'sHouse

FlueShop

4TH ST

3RD ST

2ND ST

1ST ST

P